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When temperatures are 40 degrees above normal, and near 70 as far north as the border of MN in December… and with a coincident storm… well, your bound to get unprecedented extreme weather. It’s hard to justify these extremes w/o a changed climate.
Why the wild weather? There are various reasons, like a vigorous Pacific Jet, but that doesn't by itself yield wild weather. The jet energy must be forced to slow & bend around what we call a trough. In this case it is in response to a very strong block over Hudson Bay Canada. 1/
What caused the catastrophic flooding in Europe? You guessed it, severe blocking from a extremely anomalous wavy jet stream which resulted in a cut off low over Central Europe south of a bridged ridging situation… somewhat like a Rex block. 1/…
The Arctic is more than 12 degrees above normal. Repeat: the average for the entire Arctic is 12 degrees above what was normal in 1990. Would be even more extreme compared to pre-industrial.
If you are looking for the hottest water in our part of the world... it is under the 24-48 hour path of Delta.