In Greek, Parthenos is the title given to goddesses who are virgins, for that is the word's literal meaning. Athena is the most famous Parthenos, after which her temple was named in Athens; Artemis and Hestia are others.

🖼️: R. Smythe

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Among the Seven Lucky Gods of Japan, count your stars: Jurōjin, master of longevity, is the old man of the Southern Pole Star, while Fukurokuju is master of posterity and wisdom, and a combination of Daoism's Three Star Gods.

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Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 1189 until his death in 1199. Christian Commander during the 3rd Crusade, Richard is known as the Lionheart because of his reputation as a great military leader and warrior.

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The Knights Templar derive their name from the Temple Mount and their headquarters in Al-Asqa Mosque, deriving authority from the Temple of Solomon. Pop culture states their power came from some mythic relic found there.

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Perhaps the most famous martyr of knowledge, Hypatia of Alexandria was one of the great thinkers of the city and the Great Library who were martyred by Christians ravaging the city in their zealotry; she was allegedly beaten, stoned, and flayed.

🖼: L. Figuirer

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The 2nd-century martyr Saint Quiteria was one of nine sisters imprisoned in a tower for refusing to marry Roman officers. Not only did they escape, they also liberated other Christian prisoners & went on to wage guerilla warfare against the Roman Empire.

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Lilith began life as a vague reference to owls or owl spirits in Mesopotamia, inhabiting the sacred tree of Inanna. Later fused with baby-eating Lamashtu, Jewish theology created modern Lilith in the 8th century as Adam's rebellious first wife.

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Christianity has some disagreement about where demons come from. While most cite fallen angels, others point to a Jewish source suggesting Cain slept with Lilith, thus creating the Lilim, which is either wicked humans or demons.

🖼: LeGrebe

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The theme for this week's is angels. They appear in many religious traditions, and also New Age thought. They can be good or evil. What legends are woven around them? How do they appear in art, literature and film? 🎨 Louis Janmot.

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