The most well-preserved evidence of the brain of comes from the DH3 partial skull. At 450 ml, this fossil's endocranial volume is around one third the size of the average living human, but shares some aspects of frontal lobe form.

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We comment on cranial scute homology of stem turtles. Whereas shell scutes are relatively well understood & intensely used for phylogeny, cranial scutes are more problematic. This work expands pioneering work of others, particularly Juliana Sterli () 2/3

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Skull 3 from Dmanisi is one of the most complete cranial remains attributed to Homo erectus. This individual represents a stage of development just before adulthood, with third molars just beginning to erupt.

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Recent work by Yolanda Fernández-Jalvo and Peter Andrews found that cranial fractures on the Spy 1 Neandertal skull were the likely cause of death of this individual. A new dating scheme places the Spy Neandertals between 44,300 and 40,700 years ago.

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Even small fragments of Homo erectus skulls are often very recognizable, due to their thick cranial bone and prominent, thickened entheses. This skull fragment existed at a time of faunal interchange between Java and mainland Asia.

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Mmm yes I still love this idea and how this is turning out. Might call this fusion Cranial Shockwave.

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But another fossil that associates a mandible and cranial material is OH 13, and that also shows a number of dental and mandibular similarities with KNM-ER 992, as Bernard Wood has repeatedly emphasized. In those ways, OH 13 is actually different from OH 7, the habilis holotype.

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The "Ardi" skeleton from Aramis, Ethiopia, provides the most complete cranial, dental, and postcranial evidence of any hominoid from the Early Pliocene. Some of its features point to a relationship with later remains.

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ah shit my cranial fluids are leaking again 🙄

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Our article with on the postcranial skeleton of Cerrejonisuchus (Dyrosauridae) has been published today in !
To celebrate, here is a personal reconstruction of the beast🐊
https://t.co/iGPFqZVoVs

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Arthritis in the jaw of a pliosaur? Evidence of degenerative condition in fossil remains of marine reptile from the Jurassic.

Sassoon et al 2012 Palaeontology: Cranial anatomy, taxonomic implications and of an Upper Jurassic pliosaur
https://t.co/7lP3zsiNBS

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Check out this amazing model of the cranial nerves and foramina, by MSc Medical Artist Sophia Lappe: https://t.co/k2l5KvBIXi

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For here's an open access article on cranial anatomy of Saurornitholestes langstoni from Dinosaur Park Formation by Phillip Currie and David C. Evans:
https://t.co/S9v33hWXvF

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Sangiran 2 is the earliest fossil with endocranial hyperostosis, an abnormal growth of bone on the internal skull surface. This is relatively common today in women over age 65, but very rare in men. The causes of the condition remain unclear.

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Great to see this out!
Darlim and colleagues describe in details the 3D cranial anatomy of a new species of baurusuchid from the Cretaceous of Brazil. https://t.co/sgf58bvnhE

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Mysterious Cranial Trauma, Copyright to and .

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Let's celebrate yet another Monday with the post!

Today's DotW is.. Parasaurolophus!

Their cranial crest is actually hollow inside! Working similarly to a tube, the said crest amplified the voice of Parasaurolophus, allowing them to make impressive honks!

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The Dmanisi site has some of the most informative postcranial remains of Homo erectus, telling us about the body size and locomotion of this species. D4167 comes from an individual of around 155 cm in stature.

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Some skulls of Homo erectus have exceptionally thick cranial bones. This individual from Sangiran, Indonesia, has a thickened bar of bone on the back, known as the nuchal torus, defining the area above the trapezius muscle.

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