Stone tools.

Another illustration for the recently published biology schoolbook. A selection of artefacts of the Oldowan culture. A very early culture of simple pebble tools, it was practised by early species of Homo and late Australopithecus. Not fancy, but sharp and useful.

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Australopithecus afarensis lived between 3.85 – 2.95 million years ago in Eastern Africa. More than 300 individuals of this species have been discovered across a span of about 900,000 years, which is more than 4 times as long as modern humans have been around.

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A little Australopithecus portrait. Admittedly probably not very accurate anatomy, as I based it on a sketch I did 2 years ago. More of an exercise in rendering than a rigorous reconstruction.

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The evolution of African and Eurasian Homo--whether H. erectus, H. antecessor, H. ergaster, or whatever species--came with foot anatomy and longer legs that set them apart from Australopithecus. We share this striding bipedalism today.

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Australopithecus sediba Used Their Hands for Both Climbing and Human-Like Manipulation
https://t.co/iczz44kkpk

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Une grotte d'Afrique du Sud a livré des crânes fossiles d'#Homo erectus et de boisei qui sont les + vieux connus pour ces 2 espèces !
Il y a 2 Ma, ils cohabitaient en Afrique avec Australopithecus.

Source : https://t.co/UXIbtPJ4zA

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Lucy and Tembo, Australopithecus afarensis, by Michael Hagelberg

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Reconstrucción virtual del endocráneo de 6 individuos adultos de Australopithecus afarensis (imagen: Gunz P et al, 2020, DOI 10.1126/sciadv.aaz4729). Los cráneos B (AL 444-2, macho) y D (AL 288-1 'Lucy', hembra) corresponden a los moldes de la derecha (imagen: Roberto Sáez)

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Dos cráneos de Drimolen-Sudáfrica de 2 Ma: DNH 134 es el H erectus más antiguo, contemporáneo con Australopithecus sediba y Paranthropus robustus, al que corresponde el otro cráneo DNH 152. ¿Cuál es cuál? Al parántropo se le reconoce por su cresta sagital.
https://t.co/ozdItbIg4b

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'Lucy' (Australopithecus afarensis) had an ape-like brain, but prolonged brain growth like humans
https://t.co/0GGgTcDwbI

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Australopithecus boisei was so romantic 1.6 million years ago, that its spinal cord exited the skull through a heart-shaped foramen magnum

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Type specimens of Australopithecus africanus/prometheus (yellow endocast) and Homo naledi (blue). Similar brain size/shape between very distinct species

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Face of Stw 53 (blue), an early hominin from Sterkfontein, compared with Australopithecus africanus

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Results from the More humans. Sahelanthropus, a Denisovan, Australopithecus sebida and a gay H. erectus couple.

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¡Presentado el primer cráneo casi completo (y primera cara) de Australopithecus anamensis! Encontrado en 2016 en Woranso-Mille, Etiopía. De ~3,8 Ma. ¿Coexistieron Au anamensis y su sucesora Au afarensis durante ~100.000 años? Haile-Selassie et al (2019) https://t.co/2zmqKsypND

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Amazing Self-portrait of Australopithecus by Afton´s Art.

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AUSTRALOPITHECUS AFRICANUS.

Visuals from .

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